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1.
Rev. bras. oftalmol ; 82: e0016, 2023. graf
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: biblio-1431669

ABSTRACT

RESUMO Objetivo: Analisar retrospectivamente as alterações na ceratometria e no astigmatismo corneano obtidas após cirurgia de implante de anel intraestromal, comparando o uso de um segmento de arco longo versus o implante de dois segmentos de comprimento de arco tradicional. Métodos: A partir de um estudo transversal, obtivemos os dados de 94 olhos de pacientes diagnosticados com ceratocone, que foram submetidos ao implante de anel corneano. Eles foram divididos em dois grupos, dependendo do tipo de implante recebido: Grupo A, um segmento de arco longo; Grupo B, dois segmentos tradicionais. Todos os segmentos implantados possuíam 250µ de espessura. Os dados do pré-operatório dos dois grupos foram comparados, para garantir que as amostras eram similares (as diferenças encontradas entre os dois grupos não eram estatisticamente significativas). As variáveis analisadas no pré e no pós-operatório foram acuidade visual com correção, ceratometria, astigmatismo corneano e refração. Resultados: A amostra que recebeu apenas um segmento de arco longo (Grupo A) obteve redução da ceratometria média de 4,42D (8,7%) e do astigmatismo corneano de 2,43D (40,4%). Já na amostra dos olhos que receberam dois segmentos de arco tradicional (Grupo B), houve redução média de 2,66D (5,1%) em relação à ceratometria média e redução média de 2,11D (34,8%) em relação ao astigmatismo corneano. A redução obtida na ceratometria média no Grupo A foi maior que a obtida no Grupo B (diferença estatisticamente significativa). A redução obtida no astigmatismo do Grupo A não foi estatisticamente significante, se comparada com o resultado obtido no Grupo B (considerando p≤0,05). Conclusão: Foi demonstrado que o uso de um segmento de arco longo possui maior capacidade de aplanação corneana, se comparado com o uso de dois segmentos com comprimento de arco tradicional. Em relação à redução do astigmatismo, os dois grupos mostraram resultados equivalentes.


ABSTRACT Purpose: To retrospectively analyze the changes in corneal keratometry and astigmatism after intrastromal ring surgery, comparing the use of one long arch segment versus two traditional arc length segments. Methods: A cross-sectional study obtained data from 94 eyes of patients diagnosed with keratoconus that underwent surgical treatment with corneal ring implant. They were divided into two groups according to the type of implant received: one long-arch segment (Group A) or two traditional segments (Group B), both 250 microns thick. Preoperative data from the two groups were compared to ensure that the samples were similar (the differences between the two groups were not statistically significant). The variables (pre and post-operatively) analyzed were: best corrected visual acuity, keratometry, corneal astigmatism and refraction. Results: Group A, which received one long arch segment, showed a Km decrease of 4.42D (8.7%) and a corneal astigmatism reduction of 2.43D (40.4%). Group B, where the eyes acquired two traditional arch segments, showed an average Km decrease of 2.66D (5.1%) and corneal astigmatism reduction of 2.11D (34.8%). The mean keratometry (Km) reduction obtained was statistically significant (p≤0.05) when comparing both groups (A and B). The mean corneal astigmatism reduction was not statistically significant (p≤0.05) when comparing both groups (A and B). Conclusions: One long-arch segment has been demonstrated to have a greater capacity to reduce corneal curvature when compared to the use of two traditional-sized arch segments. No significant differences were found regarding the reduction of corneal astigmatism after comparing the results obtained in both groups.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Child , Adolescent , Adult , Middle Aged , Prostheses and Implants , Corneal Stroma/surgery , Prosthesis Implantation/methods , Keratoconus/surgery , Refraction, Ocular , Astigmatism , Visual Acuity , Cross-Sectional Studies , Treatment Outcome , Corneal Topography , Corneal Pachymetry
2.
Prensa méd. argent ; 106(7): 451-456, 20200000. graf
Article in English | LILACS, BINACIS | ID: biblio-1366974

ABSTRACT

Aim of the Study: Compare the corneal demarcation line (DL) depth after corneal collagen cross-linking (CXL) with subtotal versus customized corneal epithelium debridement using anterior segment optical coherence tomography (AS-OCT). Design: Prospective case-control study. Materials and Methods: The study enrolled 18 patients with bilateral progressive keratoconus. Both eyes treated by CXL using 3 mW/cm2 / 30 minutes setting. One eye with subtotal epithelial debridement (about 9 mm diameter) and the contralateral eye with customized debridement (approximately 1 mm single horizontal central scratch). One month postoperatively, patients had AS-OCT imaging to detect and measure the depth ofDL. Results: Patients' age mean was 25.17 years +/- 4.81 SD. Epithelial healing completed with in 3-7 days in conventional treatment group and demarcation line was evident in 16 eyes (89%) with a mean depth of 290.31 µm while in customized debridement group, the epithelial healing lasted less than 24 hours and DL was detectable in 10 patients (55.5 %) with a mean DL depth of 221 µm with a statistically significant difference (p < 0.05). Subjective postoperative pain graded as "moderate to severe" in about 77% of eyes underwent 9 mm epi-off CXL compared with 55% of those with customized debridement group. Conclusions: Although the DL if found in majority cases, but the shallow location in customized corneal debridement cases questioned the efficacy of this technique despite the quick re-epithelialization and less postoperative pain that accompanied it


Subject(s)
Humans , Adult , Middle Aged , Collagen , Epithelium, Corneal , Corneal Stroma/surgery , Debridement , Tomography, Optical Coherence , Keratoconus/pathology
3.
Arq. bras. oftalmol ; 82(6): 488-494, Nov.-Dec. 2019. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-1038692

ABSTRACT

ABSTRACT Purpose: This report addresses refractive, topographic, visual acuity, and optical coherence tomography outcomes 12 months after femtosecond, laser-assisted insertion of Ferrara intrastromal corneal ring segments in keratoconic eyes at a depth of 60%. Methods: Interventional, prospective, non-comparative case series. We performed femtosecond, laser-assisted insertion of Ferrara intrastromal corneal ring segments in 15 keratoconic eyes. We included patients with documented keratoconus who voluntarily signed informed consents if they had best spectacle-corrected visual acuity ≥0.30 logMAR and corneal thickness ≥400 μm. We excluded patients with previous ocular surgery or corneal curvatures >65 diopters (D). Our main outcome measures were best spectacle-corrected visual acuity and corneal topographic parameters (flattest, steepest and average keratometry [K]), evaluated at baseline and at 1-,3-,6-, and 12-month follow-ups. Results: The mean ± standard deviation baseline uncorrected visual acuity and best spectacle-corrected visual acuity were 1.03 ± 0.46 and 0.42 ± 0.13, respectively; the 12-month mean standard deviation uncorrected visual acuity and best spectacle-corrected visual acuity were 0.72 ± 0.37 and 0.31 ± 0.16, respectively, without significant differences (p=0.05 for both). The mean best spectacle-corrected visual acuity improvements were statistically significant after 3- (p=0.02) and after 6-months (p=0.02). The mean baseline flattest (K1), steepest (K2), and overall keratometries (mean power) were 48.35 ± 3.65 D, 53.67 ± 3.38 D, and 50.84 ± 3.36 D, respectively. The 12-month mean ± standard deviations for flattest-K1, steepest-K2, and overall K were 46.53 ± 3.70 D, 49.83 ± 3.50 D, and 48.12 ± 3.49 D respectively, with statistically significant differences for all three topographic parameters (p=0.01). Conclusions: Ferrara intrastromal corneal ring segment insertions at a depth of 60% yield satisfactory visual, refractive, and keratometric results in keratoconic eyes.


RESUMO Objetivos: Este estudo aborda os resultados refrativos, topográficos, acuidade visual e tomografia de coerência óptica, 12 meses após a inserção do segmento de Anel de Ferrara em túnel corneano a 60% de profundidade com o laser de femtosegundo, em pacientes com ceratocone. Métodos: Série de casos não comparativos, prospectivos e intervencionistas. Realizamos a inserção do Anel de Ferrara através de incisão com o laser de femtosegundo em 15 olhos ceratocônicos. Foram incluídos pacientes com ceratocone documentado que voluntariamente assinaram consentimentos informados que tivessem melhor acuidade visual corrigida ≥0.30 tabela logMAR, espessura corneana ≥400µm. Foram excluídos pacientes com cirurgia ocular prévia ou curvatura corneana > 65 dioptrias (D). As principais variáveis medidas foram acuidade visual corrigida e os parâmetros topográficos da córnea (ceratometria mais plana (K1), mais curva (K2) e ceratometria média (K médio), avaliadas no pré-operatório e com 1, 3, 6 e 12 meses de seguimento. Resultados: A média ± desvio padrão da acuidade visual sem correção e acuidade visual corrigida foi 1.03 ± 0.46 e 0.42 ± 0.13, respectivamente; o desvio padrão médio de 12 meses, a acuidade visual sem correção e acuidade visual corrigida foram de 0.72 ± 0.37 e 0.31 ± 0.16, respectivamente, sem diferenças significativas (p=0,05 para ambos). A melhora da acuidade visual corrigida foi estatisticamente significante após 3 meses (p=0,02), e após 6 meses (p=0,02). Os valores médios da linha de base K1, K2, e média (K médio) foram 48,35 ± 3,65D, 53,67 ± 3,38D, e 50,84 ± 3,36D, respectivamente. A média de 12 meses ± desvio padrão para K1, K2, e K médio foi 46,53 ± 3,70D, 49,83 ± 3,50 D, e 48,12 ± 3,49D respectivamente, com diferença estatisticamente significativas para todos os 3 parâmetros topográficos (p=0,01). Conclusões: A inserção do Anel de Ferrara a uma profundidade de 60% no estroma corneano produz resultados visuais, refracionais e ceratométricos satisfatórios em olhos com ceratocone.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adult , Refraction, Ocular/physiology , Visual Acuity/physiology , Corneal Stroma/surgery , Prosthesis Implantation/methods , Keratoconus/surgery , Keratoconus/physiopathology , Reference Values , Time Factors , Tonometry, Ocular/methods , Prospective Studies , Treatment Outcome , Statistics, Nonparametric , Corneal Topography/methods , Tomography, Optical Coherence , Corneal Surgery, Laser/methods , Corneal Pachymetry/methods
4.
Rev. bras. oftalmol ; 77(3): 159-164, May-June 2018. graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-959083

ABSTRACT

Abstract We present a case of a 12-year-old patient with advanced keratoconus in both eyes who received a two-staged treatment in the right eye (OD) to decrease keratoconus progression rate and rehabilitate patient's vision. At the initial clinical examination, visual acuity without correction in OD was count fingers; cycloplegic refraction was -22.00 - 7,50 x 100° = 20/400; corneal topography demonstrated a curvature of 64.28 x 105° / 55.38 x 15°; and tomography (WaveLight - Allegro Oculyzer) demonstrated a curvature of 68.1 x 114° / 63.3 x 163° Q = -2.67. Initially, the patient received an intrastromal ring segment (210 mm / 200 µm) slightly off center to avoid the thinnest part of the cornea. Six months later a phakic lens was implanted in the anterior chamber. At the follow-up visit 13 months after phakic lens implantation (19 months after ring implantation), visual acuity in OD was 20/20 without correction; cycloplegic refraction was -0.50 -0.75 x 180o = 20/20; and corneal topography showed keratometry of 63.22 x 44o / 61.10 x 134o. The results demonstrated that the associated procedures were successful in decreasing irregular astigmatism and markedly improving patient's uncorrected visual acuity in OD, postponing the need for corneal transplantation to a more suitable age, if required.


Resumo Apresentamos o caso de um paciente de 12 anos de idade com ceratocone avançado em ambos os olhos, que recebeu um tratamento em dois estágios no olho direito (OD) de modo a diminuir a taxa de progressão do ceratocone e reabilitar a visão do paciente. No exame clínico inicial, a acuidade visual sem correção no OD era contar dedos; refração sob cicloplegia era -22.00 - 7,50 x 100° = 20/400; a topografia demonstrou uma curvatura de 64,28 x 105° / 55,38 x 15°; e a tomografia (WaveLight - Allegro Oculyzer) demonstrou uma curvatura de 68,1 x 114° / 63,3 x 163° Q = -2,67. Inicialmente, o paciente recebeu um segmento de anel intraestromal (210 mm /200 µm) ligeiramente fora de centro de modo a evitar a porção mais fina da córnea. Seis meses mais tarde, uma lente fácica foi implantada na câmara anterior. No acompanhamento de 13 meses após a implantação da lente fácica (19 meses após a implantação do anel), OD apresentava uma acuidade visual de 20/20 sem correção; uma refração sob cicloplegia de -0,50 -0,75 x 180o = 20/20; e a topografia da córnea demonstrou ceratometria de 63,22 x 44° / 61,10 x 134°. Os resultados demonstraram que a associação de procedimentos foi bem sucedida na diminuição do astigmatismo irregular, com uma melhora significativa da acuidade visual sem correção no OD, adiando a necessidade de transplante de córnea para uma idade mais adequada, caso necessário.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Child , Prostheses and Implants , Corneal Stroma/surgery , Lens Implantation, Intraocular/methods , Prosthesis Implantation/methods , Phakic Intraocular Lenses , Keratoconus/surgery , Anterior Chamber/surgery , Refraction, Ocular , Astigmatism/surgery , Visual Acuity , Biometry , Corneal Topography , Tomography, Optical Coherence , Corneal Pachymetry , Keratoconus/diagnosis , Microscopy
5.
Arq. bras. oftalmol ; 81(1): 66-69, Jan.-Feb. 2018. graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-888176

ABSTRACT

ABSTRACT We report intraoperative finding of Granular Corneal Dystrophy Type-1 (GCD1) deposits after stromal pneumodissection in deep anterior lamellar keratoplasty (DALK) in a 61-year-old female. Pneumodissection was performed from the center to the periphery of the cornea, characterizing a big bubble type 1 technique which dissects the deep stroma from the predescemetic layer. After stromal removal, persistence of whitish deposits inside the predescemetic layer was noted. During post-operative evaluation, anterior biomicroscopy and anterior segment optical coherence tomography showed granular opacities between the patient's Descemet's membrane and the donor cornea, suggesting possible involvement of the predescemetic layer in GCD1. This may require the surgeon's attention to choose between DALK keratoplasty or penetrating keratoplasty.


RESUMO Relatamos o achado intraoperatório de persistência dos depósitos de Distrofia Granular Tipo 1 (GCD1) após pneumodissecção estromal no transplante de córnea lamelar anterior profundo (DALK) em uma mulher de 61 anos. A pneumodissecção começou a partir do centro para a periferia da córnea, caracterizando uma big bubble tipo 1, que disseca o estroma profundo da camada pré-Descemet. Após a remoção do estroma, notamos a persistência de depósitos esbranquiçados no interior da camada pré-Descemet. Na avaliação pós-operatória, a biomicroscopia anterior e a tomografia de coerência óptica do segmento anterior evidenciaram opacidades granulares entre a membrana de Descemet e a córnea doadora, sugerindo o possível envolvimento da camada pré-Descemet na GCD1, o que pode chamar atenção do cirurgião para decidir entre manter o DALK ou converter para transplante penetrante.


Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Middle Aged , Corneal Dystrophies, Hereditary/surgery , Corneal Transplantation/methods , Descemet Membrane/surgery , Corneal Dystrophies, Hereditary/pathology , Corneal Dystrophies, Hereditary/diagnostic imaging , Treatment Outcome , Corneal Stroma/surgery , Corneal Stroma/pathology , Corneal Stroma/diagnostic imaging , Tomography, Optical Coherence , Descemet Membrane/pathology , Descemet Membrane/diagnostic imaging , Slit Lamp Microscopy
6.
Clinics ; 72(6): 370-377, June 2017. tab
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-840083

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVES: To describe the indications for and visual outcomes of intrastromal corneal ring segment implantation. METHODS: A large retrospective case-series chart-review study was conducted using Sorocaba Ophthalmological Hospital medical records. This study included 1222 eyes (1196 patients) that were surgically treated between November 2009 and December 2012. The following preoperative data were collected: age, gender, type of medical care and funding source, surgical technique, best-corrected visual acuity, manifest sphere and cylinder refractive error, maximum and minimum central keratometry, and pachymetry measurements of the cornea at the thinnest point and at the ring channel. The postoperative best-corrected visual acuity and patient satisfaction were also determined. The cases were classified into six groups: four keratoconus groups (severe, advanced, moderate and mild), a pellucid marginal degeneration group and a post-graft irregular astigmatism group. This study was approved by the Brazilian Registry of Clinical Trials (UTN number 1111-1182-6181, TRIAL RBR-6S72RF). RESULTS: The age (mean±standard deviation) of the patients was 31.0±10.0 years. The most prevalent pathology was keratoconus (1147 eyes, 93.8%). A correlation was found between ectasia severity and medical assistance (p<0.001), and the most serious cases was treated by the Brazilian public health system. No complications were found in a total of 1155 surgeries, and after surgery, 959 patients were satisfied. Among the 164 dissatisfied patients, the majority failed to show improved best-corrected visual acuity. CONCLUSION: Patients in the public health system underwent surgical intervention for keratoconus later than those with private sources of funding. In the vast majority of operated cases, the patients reported improvements in vision.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adolescent , Adult , Middle Aged , Aged , Aged, 80 and over , Young Adult , Astigmatism/surgery , Corneal Edema/surgery , Corneal Stroma/surgery , Keratoconus/surgery , Prostheses and Implants , Prosthesis Implantation , Corneal Stroma/pathology , Retrospective Studies , Severity of Illness Index , Treatment Outcome , Visual Acuity
7.
Arq. bras. oftalmol ; 80(1): 52-56, Jan.-Feb. 2017. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-838776

ABSTRACT

ABSTRACT We describe a case of late-onset remarkable depigmentation of a small aperture corneal inlay implanted for presbyopia compensation. The patient was a participant in a clinical trial designed to evaluate the safety and efficacy of the AcuFocusTM ACU-10R160, which is a 10 µm-thick polyimide film tinted with an organic dye. Inlay implantation occurred under mechanical microkeratome Lasik flaps set for a depth of 120 µm. The patient returned to the clinic 11 years after surgery and reported loss of near-vision acuity. Clinical examination showed the complete absence of pigments in the device and the total loss of the initial effect on near vision, despite normal distance vision. Manifest refraction remained stable during the follow-up period. Scheimpflug images characterized the loss of the small aperture effect on incoming light. Confocal analysis revealed small hyper-reflective round images on the endothelium and no signs of inflammation.


RESUMO Descrevemos um caso de importante despigmentação de início tardio de implante corneano de pequena abertura implantada para compensação de presbiopia. O paciente foi um dos participantes de ensaio clínico destinado a avaliar a segurança e eficácia do AcuFocusTM ACU-10R160, uma película de poliimida de 10 microns de espessura, tingida com um corante orgânico. A implantação ocorreu sob um flap de Lasik criado por microcerátomo mecânico ajustado para profundidade de 120 µm. O caso aqui descrito foi avaliado 11 anos após a cirurgia, relatando diminuição de acuidade de visão para perto. O exame clínico mostrou ausência total de pigmentos no dispositivo e perda total do efeito inicial na visão de perto, apesar da visão normal para distância. A refração manifesta permaneceu estável durante o período de seguimento. As imagens de Scheimpflug caracterizaram a perda do efeito da abertura pequena na luz entrante. A análise de microscopia confocal revelou pequenas imagens hiper-reflexivas redondas sobre o endotélio, sem sinais de inflamação.


Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Aged , Presbyopia/surgery , Prostheses and Implants , Corneal Stroma/surgery , Prosthesis Implantation/instrumentation , Keratomileusis, Laser In Situ/instrumentation , Refraction, Ocular , Surgical Flaps , Visual Acuity , Prosthesis Implantation/methods , Keratomileusis, Laser In Situ/methods
8.
Arq. bras. oftalmol ; 79(1): 30-32, Jan.-Feb. 2016. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-771897

ABSTRACT

ABSTRACT Purpose: To assess the impact of intrastromal corneal ring segments (ICRS) as a surgical alternative to corneal grafting in patients with keratoconus who were scheduled for a corneal transplant. Methods: This single-surgeon, single-center, retrospective, observational case series study included 19 eyes of 18 patients (mean age, 23.36 ± 6.22 years) with a confirmed diagnosis of keratoconus. These patients were enrolled from the State of Goiás, Brazil corneal graft waiting list. Following extensive pre-operative testing, including the measurement of best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA), applanation tonometry, biomicroscopy, funduscopy, pachymetry, and corneal topography, patients were implanted with Keraring® ICRS. Patients underwent clinical examination at postoperative days 1, 7, 30, 90, and 180 and were examined again 2 years following surgery. Results: At the 2-year cut-off following ICRS implantation (mean follow-up, 28.72 ± 4.71 months), there was a statistically significant improvement in BCVA (logMAR) from 0.59 ± 0.35 preoperatively to 0.35 ± 0.45 postoperatively ( p <0.01). Three of 19 eyes (15.8%) still required keratoplasty. In the remaining patients (84.2%), BCVA was managed with spectacles (52.6%) or contact lenses (31.6%). One patient developed infectious keratitis, requiring removal of ICR at the first postoperative visit. Conclusion: ICRS implantation may be a surgical alternative to keratoplasty in patients with keratoconus. This procedure may delay or even eliminate the need for keratoplasty in such patients.


RESUMO Objetivo: Avaliar o impacto do implante de anéis corneanos intraestromais como alternativa cirúrgica à ceratoplastia, em pacientes com ceratocone previamente inscritos na fila de espera para transplante de córnea. Métodos: Este estudo unicêntrico, retrospectivo, observacional analisou prontuários de 19 olhos de 18 pacientes (idade média de 23,36 ± 6,22) com diagnóstico de ceratocone, incluídos na lista de espera para transplante de córnea do estado de Goiás, Brasil. Após realização de exame oftalmológico completo pré-operatório, incluindo acuidade visual (AV) corrigida, tonometria de aplanação, biomicroscopia, fundoscopia, paquimetria e topografia corneana, os pacientes foram submetidos a cirurgia para implante de anel intracorneano Keraring®. Os mesmos foram submetidos a exame oftalmológico no 1o, 7o, 30o, 90o, 180o dias de pós-operatório, e também após 2 anos da cirurgia. Resultado: Após a visita final de 2 anos de acompanhamento (média de seguimento de 28,72 ± 4,71 meses), houve melhora estatisticamente significativa da AV corrigida (logMAR): 0,59 ± 0,35 no pré-operatório para 0,35 ± 0,45 do pós-operatório ( p <0,01). Três dos 19 olhos (15,8%) permaneceram com a indicação de ceratoplastia. A conduta para os demais (84,2%) foi correção óptica com óculos (52,6%) ou lente de contato (31,6%). Um paciente evoluiu com ceratite infecciosa no pós-operatório, tendo seus anéis removidos. Conclusão: O implante de anéis intraestromais mostrou ser uma alternativa eficaz ao transplante de córnea nesta série de casos. Esse procedimento pode ajudar a retardar ou eliminar a necessidade de indicação de ceratoplastia em pacientes com ceratocone.


Subject(s)
Adolescent , Adult , Female , Humans , Male , Young Adult , Corneal Transplantation , Corneal Stroma/surgery , Keratoconus/surgery , Prostheses and Implants , Prosthesis Implantation , Corneal Topography , Postoperative Period , Reproducibility of Results , Retrospective Studies , Time Factors , Treatment Outcome , Visual Acuity , Waiting Lists
9.
Arq. bras. oftalmol ; 78(4): 212-215, July-Aug. 2015. tab, ilus
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-759267

ABSTRACT

ABSTRACTPurpose:To evaluate the clinical outcomes of intrastromal corneal ring segment (ICRS) implantation to correct ectasia in eyes with prior refractive surgery.Methods:Forty-one eyes of 25 patients (13 men, 12 women; mean age, 28.66 years) with ectasia after refractive surgery [photorefractive keratectomy (PRK) or laser in situ keratomileusis (LASIK)] were included in a nonrandomized, retrospective, observational case series. Corneal tunnels were created by mechanical dissection in all eyes. Main outcome measures included uncorrected visual acuity (UCVA), best spectacle-corrected visual acuity (BCVA), refraction, keratometry, and computerized analysis of corneal topography. Patients were divided into two groups by the type of refractive surgery (Group A: PRK, Group B: LASIK).Results:The mean preoperative manifest astigmatism decreased from -1.88 to -0.84 D in Group A (p=0.096) and -3.18 to -1.77 D in Group B (p=0.000). The mean keratometric astigmatism decreased from -2.58 to -1.66 D in Group A (p=0.010) and -4.80 to -2.78 D in Group B (p=0.000). The mean spherical equivalent decreased from -2.97 to -2.05 D in Group A (p=0.065) and -3.31 to -2.42 D in Group B (p=0.014). No significant between-group differences were noted on the comparison of preoperative and postoperative results. No intraoperative or postoperative complications were observed.Conclusion:ICRS implantation is a useful treatment option for ectasia following refractive surgery, and it has significantly reduced the refractive cylinder and increased best spectacle-corrected visual acuity.


RESUMOObjetivo:Avaliar os resultados do implante de anel intraestromal de córnea para correção de ectasia pós-cirurgia refrativa.Métodos:Quarenta e um olhos de 25 pacientes, 13 homens e 12 mulheres, com ectasia pós-cirurgia refrativa (PRK ou LASIK) foram incluídos em um estudo não randomizado, retrospectivo e observacional. A média de idade no momento do implante do anel é de 28,66 anos. Em todos os olhos, o túnel corneano foi criado através da dissecção mecânica da córnea. Os resultados avaliaram acuidade visual sem correção (AVSC) e acuidade visual com correção (AVCC), refração, ceratometria e topografia corneana computadorizada. Os pacientes foram divididos em dois grupos de acordo com a cirurgia refrativa. Grupo A: PRK, Grupo B: LASIK.Resultados:A média do astigmatismo pré-operatório foi reduzida de -1,88 D para -0,84 D no grupo A (P=0,096) e de -3,18 D para -1,77 D no grupo B (P=0,000). A média do astigmatismo ceratométrico foi reduzida de -2,58 D para -1,66 D no grupo A (P=0,010) e de -4,80 para -2,78 D no grupo B (P=0,000). A média do componente esférico foi reduzida de -2,97 D para -2,05 D no grupo A (P=0,065) e de -3,31 D para -2,42 D no grupo B (P=0,014). Nenhuma diferença estatisticamente significativa foi observada entre os grupos, quando se comparou os resultados do pré e pós-operatório. Não ocorreram complicações intra ou pós-operatórias.Conclusão:O implante de anel intraestromal de córnea é uma boa opção para o tratamento de ectasia pós-cirurgia refrativa, tendo resultado na redução significativa do astigmatismo refracional e melhora da acuidade visual com correção.


Subject(s)
Adult , Female , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Young Adult , Corneal Diseases/surgery , Keratoconus/etiology , Keratoconus/surgery , Keratomileusis, Laser In Situ/adverse effects , Prosthesis Implantation , Photorefractive Keratectomy/adverse effects , Corneal Topography , Corneal Diseases/etiology , Corneal Diseases/physiopathology , Corneal Stroma/surgery , Prostheses and Implants , Retrospective Studies , Refraction, Ocular/physiology , Treatment Outcome , Visual Acuity/physiology
10.
Arq. bras. oftalmol ; 77(6): 382-387, Nov-Dec/2014. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-735805

ABSTRACT

Purpose: To describe quantitative and qualitative features of eyes with advanced bullous keratopathy assessed using ultrasound biomicroscopy, before and after anterior stromal puncture (ASP) or amniotic membrane transplantation (AMT) procedures to relieve chronic pain. Methods: The present descriptive comparative study included 40 eyes of 40 patients with chronic intermittent pain due to bullous keratopathy who were randomly assigned to one of the two treatments (AMT or ASP). Ultrasound biomicroscopy (Humphrey, UBM 840, 50 MHz transducer, immersion technique) was used, and a questionnaire about pain intensity was completed preoperatively and postoperatively at days 90 and 180, respectively. Exclusion criteria were age<18 years, presence of concurrent infection, ocular hypertension, and absence of pain. Results: In a 180-day follow-up, the AMT group exhibited mean central corneal thickness (CCT), 899.4 µm preoperatively and 1122.5 µm postoperatively (p<0.001); mean epithelial thickness (ET), 156.4 µm preoperatively and 247.8 µm postoperatively (p<0.001); and mean stromal thickness (ST), 742.9 µm preoperatively and 826.3 µm postoperatively (p=0.005). The ASP group exhibited mean CCT, 756.7 µm preoperatively and 914.8 µm postoperatively (p<0.001); mean ET, 102.1 µm preoperatively and 245.2 µm postoperatively (p<0.001); and mean ST, 654.6 µm preoperatively and 681.5 µm postoperatively (p<0.999). Correlations between CCT and pain intensity in the AMT group (p=0.209 pre- and postoperatively) and the ASP group (p=0.157 preoperatively and p=0.426 at the 180-day follow-up) were not statistically significant. Epithelial and stromal edema, Descemet’s membrane folds, epithelial bullae, and the presence of interface fluid were frequently observed qualitative features. Conclusion: CCT increased over time in both groups. The magnitude of CCT did not correlate with pain intensity in the sample studied. The presence of interface ...


Objetivo: Descrever as características quantitativas e qualitativas da biomicroscopia ultrassônica (UBM) em olhos com ceratopatia bolhosa avançada, antes e após os procedimentos de punção estromal anterior (ASP) ou transplante de membrana amniótica (AMT) para alívio de dor crônica. Métodos: Estudo comparativo descritivo incluindo 40 olhos de 40 pacientes com dor crônica intermitente devido a ceratopatia bolhosa, randomizados em duas modalidades de tratamento (AMT e ASP). Biomicroscopia ultrassônica (Humphrey, UBM 840, transdutor de 50 MHz, técnica de imersão) foi utilizada, e um questionário de avaliação da intensidade da dor foi aplicado no pré-operatório, e após 90 e 180 dias de pós-operatório. Critérios de exclusão foram: idade abaixo de 18 anos, presença de infecção, hipertensão ocular, e ausência de dor. Resultados: No seguimento de 180 dias, o grupo Transplante de membrana amniótica apresentou: média da espessura corneana central (CCT): 899,4 µm (pré), 1.122,5 µm (pós-operatório) (p<0,001); média da espessura epitelial (ET): 156,4 µm (pré), 247,8 µm (pós-operatório) (p<0,001); média da espessura estromal (ST): 742,9 µm (pré), 826,3 µm (pós-operatório) (p=0,005), e, grupo ASP apresentou: CCT média: 756.7 µm (pré), 914,8µm (pós-operatório) (p<0,001); ET média: 102,1 µm (pré), 245,2 µm (pós-operatório) (p<0,001); ST média: 654,6 µm (pré), 681.5 µm (pós-operatório) (p<0,999). A correlação entre intensidade da dor e espessura corneana central no grupo AMT (p=0,209 pré e pós-operatórios) e no grupo ASP (p=0,157 pré-operatório e p=0,426 aos 180 dias de seguimento) não foi significativa. Edema epitelial e estromal, dobras na membrana de Descemet, bolhas epiteliais, e presença de fluido na interface foram características qualitativas frequentemente observadas. Conclusão: A espessura corneana central aumentou ao longo do tempo em ambos os grupos. A magnitude da espessura corneana central não interfere na intensidade da dor ...


Subject(s)
Adult , Aged , Aged, 80 and over , Female , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Young Adult , Corneal Diseases/surgery , Corneal Diseases , Amnion/transplantation , Blister/surgery , Corneal Pachymetry , Corneal Stroma/pathology , Corneal Stroma/surgery , Corneal Stroma , Endothelium, Corneal/pathology , Endothelium, Corneal/surgery , Endothelium, Corneal , Eye Pain/surgery , Microscopy, Acoustic/methods , Pain Measurement , Postoperative Period , Preoperative Period , Punctures , Pain Management/methods , Palliative Care/methods , Statistics, Nonparametric , Surveys and Questionnaires , Time Factors , Treatment Outcome
11.
Arq. bras. oftalmol ; 76(6): 335-338, nov.-dez. 2013. graf, tab
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-701281

ABSTRACT

OBJETIVO: Avaliar comparativamente os resultados cirúrgicos, na técnica LASIK, realizando com laser de femtosegundo e microcerátomo mecânico. MÉTODOS: Estudo clínico, prospectivo, comparativo, randomizado e mascarado de 32 olhos (16 pacientes). Cada paciente foi submetido a diferentes técnicas para o LASIK, em um dos olhos foi utilizado o microcerátomo HansatomeTM Bausch & Lomb (grupo microcerátomo) e no outro foi utilizado femtosegundo FEMTO LDV TM Ziemer (grupo femtosegundo). A triagem ocorreu no setor de Cirurgia Refrativa do Hospital de Olhos do Paraná entre 07/2010 e 09/2010. Os critérios de inclusão foram miopia menor que 6,00 D, astigmatismo menor que 3,00 D, menor que 5,00 D de hipermetropia, refração estável, diâmetro corneano menor que 11 mm, descontinuação de lente de contato sete dias antes da avaliação pré-operatória, acuidade visual de no mínimo 20/20 em ambos os olhos. As variáveis analisadas no pré-operatório entre os grupos, femtosegundo e microcerátomo foram: acuidade visual sem correção e com correção, equivalente esférico, aberrações totais de alta ordem, acuidade visual de baixo contraste, preferência do paciente e complicações. RESULTADOS: Todas as variáveis estudadas foram similares nos dois grupos. CONCLUSÃO: Não foi possível observar neste estudo, diferenças significativas entre os grupos analisados.


PURPOSE: To assess LASIK flaps made by femtosecond laser and mechanical microkeratome. METHODS: Clinical, prospective, randomized, masked study of 32 eyes (16 patients). Both eyes of all patients were operated, each patient underwent different techniques for lasik. Microkeratome HansatomeTMBausch & Lomb (group microkeratome) was used in one eye and femtosecond laser Femto LDVTMZiemer (group femtosecond) was used for the fellow eye. Patients were selected from the Refractive Surgery service of the Eye Hospital of Paraná between July 2010 and September 2010. Inclusion criteria were myopia less than 6.00 D, astigmatism less than 3.00 D, hyperopia less than 5.00 D, stable refraction over one year, corneal diameter smaller than 11 mm, discontinuation of contact lenses seven days before the preoperative evaluation, corrected visual acuity of at least 20/20. Eyes were randomly allocated for each technique. The studied variables were: visual acuity with and without correction, residual refractive error, high order aberrations, low contrast visual acuity, complications and subjective patient preference. RESULTS: All studied variables were similar between the two groups. CONCLUSION: We could not demonstrate any difference between the studied groups.


Subject(s)
Humans , Keratomileusis, Laser In Situ/methods , Lasers, Excimer/therapeutic use , Myopia/surgery , Surgical Flaps/surgery , Contrast Sensitivity , Cornea/surgery , Corneal Stroma/surgery , Keratomileusis, Laser In Situ/instrumentation , Postoperative Period , Prospective Studies , Statistics, Nonparametric , Time Factors , Treatment Outcome , Visual Acuity
12.
Acta cir. bras ; 28(9): 632-640, Sept. 2013. ilus, tab
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-684436

ABSTRACT

PURPOSE: To investigate and compare the biocompatibility of two types of Ferrara intracorneal ring segment: with and without chondroitin sulfate coating by clinical and histopathological evaluation. METHODS: A randomized experimental study was carried out on thirty right-eye corneas from 30 Norfolk albino rabbits allocated into two experimental groups: Group G1 - implanted with Ferrara intracorneal ring segment without coating (FICRS) and Group G2 - implanted with Ferrara intracorneal ring segment with chondroitin sulfate coating (FICRS-CS). Left eyes formed the control group. Clinical parameters analyzed were: presence of edema, vascularization, infection and ring extrusion one, 30, and 60 days after surgery. Histopathological parameters analyzed were: number of corneal epithelial layers over and adjacent to the ring, presence of spongiosis, hydropic degeneration, basement membrane thinning, inflammatory cells, neovascularization and pseudocapsule formation. RESULTS: At clinical examination 60 days after implant, edema, vascularization and extrusion were observed respectively in 20%, 26.7%, 6.7% of FICRS corneas and in 6.7%, 6.7%, and 0% of FICRS-CS corneas. Histopathological evaluation showed epithelial-layer reduction from 5 (5;6) to 3 (3;3) with FICRS and from 5 (5;5) to 4 (3;5) with FICRS-CS in the region over the ring. Epithelial spongiosis, hydropic degeneration, and basement membrane thinning were present in 69.2%, 53.8%, and 69.2% of FICRS and in 73.3%, 73.3%, and 46.7% with FICRS-CS, respectively. Vascularization was present in 38.5% of FICRS and 13.3% with FICRS-CS, inflammatory cells in 75% of FICRS and 33.3% with FICRS-CS, and pseudocapsule in 66.7% of FICRS and 93.3% with FICRS-CS. Giant cells occurred only in the FICRS-CS group (20%). CONCLUSION: Ferrara intracorneal rings coated with chondroitin sulfate (FICRS-CS) caused lower frequency of clinical and histopathological alterations than Ferrara intracorneal rings without the coating (FICRS), demonstrating higher biocompatibility of the FICRS-CS.


Subject(s)
Animals , Female , Rabbits , Biocompatible Materials/therapeutic use , Chondroitin Sulfates/therapeutic use , Corneal Stroma/surgery , Prostheses and Implants , Prosthesis Implantation/methods , Corneal Diseases/surgery , Corneal Stroma/anatomy & histology , Materials Testing , Prosthesis Fitting , Random Allocation , Reference Values , Reproducibility of Results , Time Factors , Treatment Outcome
13.
Arq. bras. oftalmol ; 76(4): 215-217, jul.-ago. 2013. tab
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-686555

ABSTRACT

PURPOSE: Evaluate contact lenses fitting after intracorneal ring implantation for keratoconus, its visual acuity and comfort. METHODS: Retrospective study of patients undergoing contact lenses fitting, after intracorneal ring for keratoconus. The criterion for contact lens fitting was unsatisfactory visual acuity with spectacle correction as referred by the patients. All patients were intolerants to contact lenses prior to intracorneal implantation. Visual acuity analysis was done by conversion of Snellen to logMAR scales. The comfort was evaluated according subjective questioning of good, medium or poor comfort. RESULTS: Nineteen patients were included in the study. Two patients (10.5%) did not achieved good comfort with contact lenses and underwent penetrating keratoplasties. All the others 17 patients showed good or medium comfort. Four rigid gas-permeable contact lenses were fitted, one piggyback approach, 3 toric soft contact lenses, 2 soft lenses specially design for keratoconus and 7 disposable soft lenses. The average visual acuity improved from 0.77 ± 0.37 to 0.19 ± 0.13 logMAR units after contact lenses fitting. CONCLUSION: Contact lens fitting after intracorneal ring is possible, provides good comfort, improves visual acuity, and therefore, may postpone the need for penetrating keratoplasty.


OBJETIVOS: Avaliar a adaptação de lentes de contato após implante de anel intracorneano para ceratocone perante a acuidade visual e o conforto. Local: Hospital de Olhos do Paraná, Curitiba, Paraná. MÉTODOS: Estudo retrospectivo de pacientes submetidos à adaptação de lentes de contato após implante de anel intracorneano em pacientes com ceratocone. A impossibilidade do uso de lentes de contato foi usada como critério para indicação de implante de anel intracorneano, sendo a adaptação de lentes de contato reservada aos pacientes com acuidade visual menor que o desejado após o implante. A acuidade visual foi considerada segundo a correlação entre a tabela de Snellen e a tabela de logMAR. O conforto foi avaliado segundo o questionamento subjetivo entre lentes confortáveis, conforto moderado e lentes desconfortáveis. RESULTADOS: Foram incluídos 19 pacientes no estudo. Apenas 2 pacientes (10,5%) não alcançaram um conforto adequado com as lentes de contato, sendo encaminhados para transplante de córnea. Nos outros 17 pacientes foram adaptadas: 4 lentes de contato rígidas gás-permeáveis​​, 1 sistema à cavaleiro, 3 lentes de contato gelatinosas tóricas, 2 lentes para ceratocone e 7 lentes gelatinosas descartáveis​​. A acuidade visual média melhorou de 0,7 ± 0,3 para 0,2 ± 0,1 unidades logMAR após a adaptação das lentes de contato. CONCLUSÃO: Adaptação de lentes de contato após anel intracorneano é possível, resulta em bom conforto e melhora da acuidade visual. Todas lentes de contato gelatinosas adaptadas demonstraram-se confortáveis. Esta adaptação pode ser útil aos pacientes que desejem adiar o transplante de córnea.


Subject(s)
Adolescent , Adult , Female , Humans , Male , Young Adult , Contact Lenses , Corneal Stroma/surgery , Keratoconus/surgery , Prostheses and Implants , Prosthesis Fitting , Prosthesis Implantation/methods , Corneal Topography , Retrospective Studies , Treatment Outcome , Visual Acuity
14.
MEAJO-Middle East African Journal of Ophthalmology. 2013; 20 (1): 46-50
in English | IMEMR | ID: emr-146691

ABSTRACT

To examine the safety and efficacy of Intacs SK for moderate to severe keratoconus [KGC] using femtosecond technology. This prospective, non-comparative study included 37 contact lens intolerant keratoconic eyes [stage II-III] of 24 patients who underwent femtosecond-assisted Intacs SK implantation. Inclusion criteria were mean K readings <56.00 D, corneal thickness >400 micro at the incision site, mesopic pupil <6.50 mm. Evaluation included manifest refraction, slitlamp examination, corneal topography, uncorrected distance visual acuity [UDVA] and corrected distance visual acuity [CDVA]. P< 0.05 was statistically significant. Thirty-one [83.8%]eyes were classified as Amsler-Krumeich's stage II and 6 [16.2%] were stage III. Mean central pachymetry was 490.3 +/- 37.4 microm. UDVA at 6 months post-operatively was significantly better than pre-operatively [0.90 log MAR +/- 0.52 standard deviation [SD] versus 0.32 +/- 0.27 logMAR; respectively, P < 0.000l], as was the spherical equivalent [SEq] [-3.64 +/- 2.52 D vs. -1.84 +/- 2.2 D; P< 0.000l]. The mean CDVA and manifest cylinder improved compared with pre-operatively [P = 0.319 and P= 0.078, respectively]. Average keratometry decreased significantly from 48.50 +/- 3.08 D to 44.40 +/- 3.03 D [P< 0.000l]. Implantation of Intacs SK using femtosecond laser in moderate to severe KG is safe and effective


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Prostheses and Implants , Keratoconus/physiopathology , Prosthesis Implantation , Refraction, Ocular/physiology , Treatment Outcome , Visual Acuity/physiology , Corneal Stroma/surgery , Corneal Topography , Prospective Studies
15.
Rev. bras. oftalmol ; 71(2): 89-99, mar.-abr. 2012. ilus, graf, tab
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-626582

ABSTRACT

OBJETIVO: Verificar os resultados da cirurgia de implante de segmentos de anel estromal para ceratocone e as possíveis correlações existentes entre o resultado cirúrgico e o estado biomecânico da córnea no pré-operatório. MÉTODOS: Dezenove olhos de 19 pacientes com ceratocone foram avaliados antes e 12 meses após a cirurgia de implante de segmento anel estromal. O implante de um ou dois segmentos de anel de Ferrara foi realizado de acordo com o nomograma, considerando-se espessura da córnea, padrão topográfico da ectasia e o astigmatismo. O teste de Wilcoxon signed rank foi realizado para verificar diferenças entre a acuidade visual (logMAR) corrigida com óculos antes da cirurgia (AVccPré) e a obtida sem correção (AVscPós) e com correção (AVccPós) após a cirurgia, bem como entre os valores pré e pós-operatórios de variáveis tomográficas medidas com o Pentacam e variáveis biomecânicas da córnea medidas com o ORA (ocular response analyzer). As diferenças absolutas antes e após a cirurgia (valores delta - Δ) das variáveis com diferenças significantes foram calculadas. Os valores Δ foram correlacionados com as medidas do ORA no pré-operatório por meio dos testes de Pearson ou de Spaerman, de acordo com a distribuição das variáveis ser normal ou não (teste de Kolmogorov-Smirnov). RESULTADOS: Observou-se melhora significante na AVcc, bem como na AVscPós em comparação com a AVccPré (teste de Wilcoxon, p<0,05). Houve redução significativa do astigmatismo ceratométrico (AST), dos valores ceratométricos centrais (K1 e K2), do valor ceratométrico mais elevado (KMáx) e dos índices CKI (índice de severidade do ceratocone - center keratoconus index ), IHD (índice de descentração da elevação - index of height decentration) e ISV (índice de variação da superfície - index of surface variance) após a cirurgia (teste de Wilcoxon, p<0,05). Observou-se um significativo aumento da espessura corneana a 3,8 e a 4mm do ápice em direção temporal no meridiano horizontal, bem como houve deslocamento inferior significativo da posição do KMáx (teste de Wilcoxon, p<0,05). Nenhuma variável biomecânica apresentou diferença estatisticamente significante após a cirurgia (teste de Wilcoxon, p>0,05). Os parâmetros do ORA derivados das pressões de aplanamento: histerese da córnea (corneal hysteresis - CH), fator de resistência da córnea (corneal resistance factor - CRF) e as medidas da pressão ocular (IOPg e IOPcc) não apresentaram correlações significantes com os parâmetros delta (Δ). Quinze das 38 variáveis biomecânicas derivadas do sinal de reflexo da córnea do ORA apresentaram correlação significante com pelo menos um parâmetro Δ, destacando-se as correlações entre o ΔKMáx com aindex e path1 (teste de Pearson, p<0,05; r=-0,56 e 0,56 respectivamente) e entre o ΔAVccPré-AVscPós e aindex (teste de Pearson, p<0,05; r=0,48). A variável que teve maior número de correlações significantes foi w21, que se correlacionou negativamente com ΔK2, ΔK1, ΔCKI e ΔKMáx (teste de Spearman, p<0,05; r=-0,56; -0,55; -0,51 e -0,47) respectivamente. CONCLUSÃO: Existe melhora significante da acuidade visual e de parâmetros ceratométricos após cirurgia de implante de segmentos de anel de Ferrara para ceratocone. A melhora de diversos destes parâmetros com a cirurgia foi significativamente correlacionada com características biomecânicas derivadas do sinal do reflexo da córnea do ORA no pré-operatório. Um estado biomecânico pré-operatório "mais fraco" ou "menos resistente" foi significativamente relacionado com um maior benefício clínico da cirurgia. Análises com associações múltiplas (multivariadas) são necessárias, incluindo parâmetros tomográficos da córnea e de aberrometria total do pré-operatório. Tais informações abrem novos horizontes para a seleção de pacientes e o planejamento de cirurgia de implante de segmentos de anel para ceratocone.


OBJECTIVE: To verify possible correlations between the biomechanical state of the cornea before surgery and the results of stromal ring segments implant for keratoconus. METHODS: Nineteen eyes of 19 patients with keratoconus were evaluated before and 12 months after stromal ring segment implant surgery. The implant of one or two Ferrara ring segments was performed accordingly to the nomogram, considering corneal thickness, ectasy pattern on topography and astigmatism. The Wilcoxon test was performed to verify the differences between visual acuity (logMAR) with correction before surgery (AVccPre) and without correction (AVscPos) and with correction (AVccPos) after surgery, topography variables measured with Pentacam on pre and post operative and corneal biomechanics variables measure with ORA (ocular response analyzer). The absolute differences before and after the surgery (delta values - Δ) of variables with significant differences were calculated. The Δ values were correlated with the ORA measurements pre-operatively using Pearson or Spearman's tests, according with the distribution of the variables to be or not normal (Kolmogorov-Smirnov test). RESULTS: There were significant improvements on AVcc and AVscPos comparing with AVccPre (Wilcoxon test, p<0,05). Significant reduction was observed on keratometric astigmatism (AST), Keratometric central values (K1 and K2), higher keratometric value (KMax) and topometric indices: CKI (Center Keratoconus Index), IHD (Index of Height Decentration) and ISV (Index of Surface Variance) after surgery (Wilcoxon test, p<0.05). There was a significant increase in corneal thickness of 3.8 and 4 mm from the apex toward the temporal horizontal meridian observed a significant increase on cornea thickness, and there was significant downward displacement of the position of KMax (Wilcoxon test, p<0.05). No variable biomechanical statistically significant difference after surgery (Wilcoxon test, p>0.05). The ORA parameters derivate form the aplanation pressure: Corneal Hysteresis (CH), Corneal Resistance Factor (CRF) and the measures of the ocular pressure (IOPg and IOPcc) showed no significant correlations with the parameters delta (Δ). Fifteen of the 38 biomechanical variables derived from the sign of ORA corneal reflex presented significant correlation with at least one parameter Δ, highlighting the correlations between ΔKMax with aindex e path1 (Pearson test, p<0.05; r=-0.56 and 0.56 respectively) and between AVccPre-AVscPos and aindex (Pearson test, p<0.05; r=0.48). The variable that had the greatest number of significant correlations was w21, which correlated negatively with, ΔK2, ΔK1, ΔCKI and ΔKMax (Spearman test, p<0.05; r=-0.56; -0.55; -0.51 and -0.47) respectively. CONCLUSION: There is a significant improvement in visual acuity and keratometric parameters after surgery of implant the Ferrara ring segments for keratoconus. The improvement of several of these parameters with the surgery was significantly correlated with biomechanical characteristics derived from the signal of the ORA corneal reflex preoperatively. A biomechanical preoperative state "weaker" or "less resistant" was significantly related to greater clinical benefit of surgery. Analysis with multiple associations (multivariate) is necessary, including topographic parameters of the cornea and wavefront analysis of preoperative total. This information opens up new horizons for patient selection and planning of ring segments implant surgery for keratoconus.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adult , Middle Aged , Prostheses and Implants , Cornea/physiology , Corneal Stroma/surgery , Prosthesis Implantation/methods , Keratoconus/surgery , Biomechanical Phenomena , Visual Acuity , Retrospective Studies , Treatment Outcome , Corneal Stroma/physiopathology , Corneal Topography , Elasticity/physiology , Preoperative Period , Corneal Pachymetry , Intraocular Pressure
16.
Indian J Ophthalmol ; 2012 Jan; 60(1): 59-60
Article in English | IMSEAR | ID: sea-138792

ABSTRACT

A 20-year-old patient, diagnosed with posterior polymorphous corneal dystrophy, developed corneal edema for which he underwent Descemet membrane endothelial keratoplasty with a stromal rim (DMEK-S) in the right eye. No intra- or postoperative complications were noted. At the last follow-up 2 years and 9 months after the procedure, the best corrected visual acuity was 1.0 and endothelial cell density declined from 3533 cells/mm2 to 1012 cells/mm2. Despite the endothelial cell loss, DMEK-S appears to be a good alternative to other surgical techniques for the treatment of corneal endotheliopathies, and it may be of benefit to young patients.


Subject(s)
Adolescent , Corneal Stroma/pathology , Corneal Stroma/surgery , Descemet Membrane/surgery , Descemet Stripping Endothelial Keratoplasty/methods , Endothelium, Corneal/surgery , Follow-Up Studies , Fuchs' Endothelial Dystrophy/surgery , Humans , Male , Time Factors , Visual Acuity
17.
Arq. bras. oftalmol ; 74(1): 67-74, Jan.-Feb. 2011. ilus, tab
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-589945

ABSTRACT

O cross-linking corneano é um procedimento usado para a estabilização mecânica e aumento da rigidez corneana em pacientes com ceratocone (reduzindo a possibilidade de progressão), e também em processos inflamatórios de afinamento corneano. Os segmentos de anéis corneanos intraestromais têm como princípio o aplanamento central da córnea. Inicialmente utilizados para correção de baixa miopia, a principal indicação atual é em pacientes com ceratocone, para melhorar a acuidade visual não corrigida, a acuidade visual corrigida e permitir uma melhor tolerância ao uso de lentes de contato como também retardar a necessidade de um transplante de córnea. O objetivo deste artigo é revisar algumas publicações relacionadas ao cross-linking corneano e à inserção do segmento de anel intraestromal, apresentando suas indicações, resultados e complicações relatadas até o momento.


Corneal cross-linking is a procedure used for stabilizing the cornea in patients with progressive keratoconus by increasing corneal rigidity, and it is also used in corneal inflammatory melting process. The intrastromal corneal ring segments act by flatting the center of the cornea. Originally designed for the correction of mild myopia, the segments are now being used for reduction of keratoconus in order to improve the uncorrected visual acuity, the best spectacle corrected visual acuity, to allow good tolerance to the use of contact lenses and delay the need for corneal grafting procedures. The present text presents a review of corneal cross-linking and insertion of intrastromal corneal ring segments, emphasizing their indications, results and complications related until now.


Subject(s)
Animals , Humans , Corneal Stroma/surgery , Keratoconus/surgery , Prosthesis Implantation/methods , Prostheses and Implants , Photosensitizing Agents/therapeutic use , Prosthesis Implantation/adverse effects , Riboflavin/therapeutic use , Ultraviolet Rays , Visual Acuity
18.
Clinics ; 66(6): 1067-1071, 2011. ilus, tab
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-594380

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the impact of the creation of corneal flaps at different thicknesses on the biomechanical properties of swine corneas. METHOD: Twelve swine eyes were obtained to form two groups: 100 μm flap thickness and 300 μm flap thickness. Each eye was submitted to the following examinations: raster topography to investigate corneal curvature alterations, ocular response analyzer to investigate corneal hysteresis change, optical coherence tomography to measure central corneal and flap thickness and sonic wave propagation velocity as a measure of stiffness, before and immediately after flap creation. After flap amputation, surface wave velocity measurements were repeated. RESULTS: Measured flap thicknesses were statistically different for thin and thick flap groups, with an average of 108.5 + 6.9 and 307.8 + 11.5 μm respectively. Hysteresis and corneal resistance factor did not change significantly after flap creation in the thin flap group. With thicker flaps, both parameters decreased significantly from 8.0 +1.0 to 5.1 +1.5 mmHg and from 8.2 + 1.6 to 4.1 +2.5 mmHg respectively. Simulated keratometry values increased in the thick flap group (from 39.5 + 1 D to 45.9+1.2 D) after flap creation but not in the thin flap group (from 40.6 + 0.6 D to 41.4+ 1.0 D). Regarding surface wave velocity analysis, the surgical procedures induced statistically lower results in some positions. CONCLUSION: In the experimental conditions established by this model, thicker flaps presented a greater biomechanical impact on the cornea.


Subject(s)
Animals , Corneal Stroma/surgery , Keratomileusis, Laser In Situ/adverse effects , Surgical Flaps , Biomechanical Phenomena/physiology , Corneal Stroma/physiology , Corneal Topography/methods , Intraocular Pressure/physiology , Postoperative Period , Swine , Tomography, Optical Coherence
19.
Arq. bras. oftalmol ; 73(5): 454-458, Sept.-Oct. 2010. graf, tab
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-570509

ABSTRACT

OBJETIVOS: Analisar as alterações na curvatura corneana e acuidade visual após o implante de anéis intraestromais assimétricos, modificando o nomograma proposto pelo fabricante. MÉTODOS: Foram estudados sete olhos, de sete pacientes portadores de ceratocone nos quais foram implantados segmentos de anéis assimétricos (350 a 100 micra de espessura). RESULTADOS: Constatou-se através do estudo que em todos os pacientes houve um aplanamento da ceratometria corneana média com aumento da assimetria corneana no pós-operatório. CONCLUSÕES: O implante de anel corneano intraestromal assimé­trico leva à melhora da acuidade visual pós-operatória tanto sem correção quanto com correção. Resulta no aplanamento da curvatura corneana nos pontos estudados, obtendo assim, diminuição das distorções centrais pelo aplanamento topográfico da região central da córnea.


PURPOSE: To analyze corneal curvature and visual acuity after asymmetric intrastromal corneal rings implantation, not following the nomogram proposed by the manufacturer. METHODS: Seven eyes of seven keratoconus patients which had asymmetric corneal rings implanted in their corneal stroma were studied. RESULTS: A flattening of the average corneal keratometry was noted in all patients, as well as an increase of the postoperative corneal asymmetry. CONCLUSIONS: Asymmetric intrastromal corneal ring implant improves the postoperative visual acuity with and without correction. As a result we noticed flattening of the corneal curvature at the thicker ring implantation spot and increase of corneal asymmetry.


Subject(s)
Adult , Female , Humans , Male , Young Adult , Corneal Stroma/surgery , Keratoconus/surgery , Prostheses and Implants , Prosthesis Implantation/methods , Visual Acuity/physiology , Corneal Stroma/pathology , Nomograms , Statistics, Nonparametric , Treatment Outcome
20.
Indian J Ophthalmol ; 2009 Mar-Apr; 57(2): 115-9
Article in English | IMSEAR | ID: sea-70659

ABSTRACT

CONTEXT: In contact lens-intolerant keratoconus patients, intrastromal placement of Intacs is becoming a promising new modality of treatment. AIMS: To study the safety and efficacy of implantation of microthin corneal inserts (Intacs) in Asian-Indian keratoconus patients. SETTINGS AND DESIGN: Retrospective interventional case series, in the cornea and refractive surgery service, at a tertiary care eye hospital in South India, between May 2006 and July 2007. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Intacs (Addition Technology, USA) were successfully implanted by mechanically creating tunnels, in 12 eyes of 12 keratoconus patients, who were contact lens-intolerant. The patients (mean age 25.58 years, nine male and three female) had a minimum follow-up of six months. Five patients had severe keratoconus (mean K > 53 D) and nine had central cones. RESULTS: All patients improved or retained visual acuity. The uncorrected visual acuity (UCVA) improved from a mean value of 0.06, (SD +/- 0.08) to 0.19 postoperatively (SD+/- 0.15) ( P = 0.01). The change in mean best corrected visual acuity (BCVA) was from 0.51, (SD +/- 0.24), to 0.69, (SD +/-0.00) ( P = 0.01) postoperatively. The average central keratometry reading was 52.55 D. The change in mean K from 52.84 to 49.16 and 49.15 at one and six months respectively, was statistically significant. We did not have any major intra- or early postoperative complications. Eight of 12 eyes became contact lens-tolerant post-surgery. CONCLUSION: The procedure of Intacs implantation appears to be safe and effective in a small group of Indian population at an intermediate follow-up.


Subject(s)
Adult , Asian People/ethnology , Corneal Stroma/surgery , Corneal Topography , Equipment Safety , Female , Follow-Up Studies , Humans , India , Intraoperative Complications , Keratoconus/ethnology , Male , Middle Aged , Postoperative Complications , Prostheses and Implants , Prosthesis Implantation , Retrospective Studies , Treatment Outcome , Visual Acuity/physiology
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